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However, because the server is also sending this response header:
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
the browser is causing it to appear as a download.
Does your index.php file have any other contents in it?
It's possible that your nginx HTTPS server {} is missing a PHP handler, but it would surprise me. Certbot is supposed to copy all of the directives from the HTTP server {}.
It was the original Vultr page that shows up when a server is created. I deleted file and just put in that content only trying to figure out why it was doing so.
can the content-type be in the conf file that certbot changed?
Could be a certbot bug if it worked properly before, but not after installation of the LE certificate. Perhaps it didn't copy over the required directives?
Unfortunately, @tkd5041 didn't mention the exact commands used, so no way to know right now if the certificate was installed by certbot automatically or not..