How do I remove a certificate

You can simply delete the entire certificate.
Delete the private key and matching public certs along with any specific use of them.

If you are using certbot, you can issue a delete command to have it do the first two parts for you.
Syntax:
certbot delete --cert-name example.com
[so you will need to know the exact cert-name - not the specific FQDN(or domain name) within the cert]
[you can get the cert names with: certbot certificates]

If you use another ACME client, you should review their documentation for a comparable command.

It is always preferable to use the ACME client to remove the cert itself than trying to do so manually.

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