SOLVED: The server could not connect to the client to verify the domain :: Could not connect to <domain name>

Ok, I found the problem. So my nginx config was set up to redirect all port 80 requests to https, and then the server block for port 443 was configured to handle requests correctly.

However, I incorrectly defined the first server block with…

server {
        listen 80 default_server http2;
        listen [::]:80 default_server http2;

Not realising that http2 is only supported on ssl servers (unless configured appropriately). To be honest, I’m still not sure why it did work in my browser but not for you guys, but after removing the http2 part, it works correctly.

Thanks everyone for your help in trying to figure this out!