I had a similar problem (also on Digital Ocean and a previous version of Certbot) the process that I did was:
# Check the certbot version that I had.
$ certbot --version
0.19.0
# Oh no! I had a really old version
# Updating my repositories
$ sudo apt-get update
# Install again certbot (didn't uninstalled, I just ran again the command)
$ sudo apt-get install python-certbot-apache
# Check the version
$ certbot --version
0.28.0
# Great it appears I'm up to date
# Do a dry run
$ sudo certbot renew --dry-run
# Everything seems that's going to work